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João Ayres

João Ayres

É economista do Departamento de Pesquisa do BID. Seus interesses de pesquisa se concentram em economia internacional, macroeconomia e finanças públicas. Formado em economia pela Universidade de São Paulo, João tem mestrado e doutorado em economia pela Fundação Getúlio Vargas e doutorado em Economia pela Universidade de Minnesota.

The Universal Factors Behind Inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean

January 21, 2023 by João Ayres - Arturo Galindo - Santiago Novoa - Victoria Nuguer Leave a Comment

With inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean running at its hottest in two decades, the issue of where that inflation comes from and what the region's central banks might do differently has taken on great urgency. Our newly released study arrives at a hugely important conclusion: the overwhelming bulk of inflation in the region today comes not from factors that are … [Read more...] about The Universal Factors Behind Inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean

US Interest Rates and the Cost of Borrowing for Emerging Economies

December 9, 2022 by João Ayres - Marina Perrupato Leave a Comment

With the first signs of decelerating inflation in the United States, countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are probably asking themselves when borrowing costs will fall again. Lower inflation rates in the US, after all, could allow the Federal Reserve to end its cycle of rising interest rates sooner than expected and start eventually reducing the Fed Funds Rate (its … [Read more...] about US Interest Rates and the Cost of Borrowing for Emerging Economies

Inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean Needs to be Seen in Context

July 15, 2022 by João Ayres - Salim Syed Chanto Leave a Comment

Rising prices for food, fuel and other household necessities are rattling people throughout Latin America and the Caribbean and hitting poor families already affected by the pandemic especially hard. But if inflation is again haunting the region, and policymakers are worried, it is important to keep the new developments in context. Inflation is far from a regional … [Read more...] about Inflation in Latin America and the Caribbean Needs to be Seen in Context

When Worsening Credit Conditions Trigger Recessions

August 28, 2019 by João Ayres 1 Comment

Particularly severe recessions often involve worsening credit conditions that cause firms to leave the market

Economists have long known that aggregate measures of economic activity vary during recessions.  Unemployment rates increase, for example, while both GDP growth and investment rates decrease. But when we look at actual firms, the individual units of production in an economy, during a recession do they all behave in the same way? And if not, can we use that information to learn … [Read more...] about When Worsening Credit Conditions Trigger Recessions

What Brazil Can Teach About Fighting Inflation

May 2, 2019 by João Ayres Leave a Comment

As the experience of Brazil teaches, fighting inflation should focus on fiscal reforms

For much of the 1980s and early 1990s, Latin America and the Caribbean was in the throes of hyperinflation. In 1990, for example, 16 of 20 countries in the region had inflation rates above 20%, while in 2018 only three of those countries had inflation above 8%, according to IMF figures. The main ingredients to that success were fiscal reforms, debt negotiations that allowed … [Read more...] about What Brazil Can Teach About Fighting Inflation

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