When competition from abroad inflicts severe shocks on a country's firms, the headlines are often about failing businesses and job losses. The shocks may come from different sources: trade reforms, competition from a foreign manufacturing powerhouse, or the entry of big retail chains from abroad. Although the trade shock is likely to bring a number of positive effects, … [Read more...] about How Labor Markets Adjust to Import Competition
Climate Change, Migration and the Urban Housing and Labor Markets
Between 1991 and 2010, millions of Brazilians migrated from rural to urban areas, many of them because of the effect of increasing drought brought on by climate change. This migration has had effects not only on wages and employment, but also on the closely-related urban housing market. We decided to examine the phenomena in a recent study, to contribute to urban … [Read more...] about Climate Change, Migration and the Urban Housing and Labor Markets
The Cost-Effectiveness of Early Interventions
There are few things more important for children to master than literacy: the skills of reading and writing that enable them to learn other subjects, participate politically, protect their health, and enter the labor market with promising prospects. Yet about 20 percent of the global adult population is illiterate, and in Latin America, two-thirds of children do not achieve the … [Read more...] about The Cost-Effectiveness of Early Interventions
Teaching Teachers to Boost Early Literacy
We all remember a favorite teacher from school, often a teacher who taught us to read and write and introduced us to the world of literacy. Literacy, after all, is part of the journey to knowledge in all subjects, and is crucial for our future health, political participation, and professional success. It is hardly surprising that we would remember with fondness those teachers … [Read more...] about Teaching Teachers to Boost Early Literacy
How Improving the Performance of Weaker Students Benefits All Students
Studies in recent years have documented the detrimental effects that low-achieving students can have on the academic performance of their classmates. This is of concern everywhere, but particularly so in Latin America and the Caribbean where test results for reading, math, and science lag considerably behind those of OECD countries and where most students need to improve their … [Read more...] about How Improving the Performance of Weaker Students Benefits All Students