Since the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the conclusion of the 1994 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), countries around the world have steadily reduced their import tariffs, which fell from a global average of 8.6% in 1994 to just 2.6% in 2017. At the same time, non-tariff barriers (NTBs), including import licenses, quotas and technical … [Read more...] about The Hidden Costs of Non-Tariff Barriers
Leticia Juarez
Leticia Juarez is an Economist at the Research Department of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). She works on the fields of International Economics, Macroeconomics, Environmental Economics.
The Tradeoff in Large Foreign Firms’ Dominance of Export Markets
It is no secret that in many developing countries large foreign firms dominate the export market, giving them immense power to determine the prices at which a vast group of small exporting firms sell their goods. On the surface, this would seem to be a mostly negative phenomenon. In a recent study I conducted, for example, I found that these large foreign buyers impose … [Read more...] about The Tradeoff in Large Foreign Firms’ Dominance of Export Markets